Organic chemists around the world have been
using amide condensation processes for decades to remarkable success. As the
demand for synthetic analogues of bioactive peptides increased in the middle of
the twentieth century, several peptide
synthesis companies quickly realised that the "normal"
solution phase techniques would not be sufficient. It's difficult and
time-consuming to synthesise peptides in the solution phase since the coupling
reactions are protracted and recrystallization or column chromatography is
required after each amino acid coupling.
Removal
of Unwanted Soluble Compounds Is Easy
So-called solid phase polypeptides are
those in which a polymer substrate is linked to the initial amino acids of the
sequence. The polymer makes any molecules connected to it insoluble, making it
easier to distinguish them from soluble ones that can be washed off. The
necessary chemical reactions between free-floating amino acids and the existing
chain are made easier by a peptide chain that is tethered to a polymer. Because
the chain is kept in situ, the aqueous system's unpredictability is reduced.
You
have some control over the sequence of events.
Amino acids that aren't bound to proteins
are shielded from reactions with other molecules in the system by chemical
groups. It is necessary to use many chemical groups, all of which can be
eliminated using different chemical methods. Using this method, the scientist
can control the order in which the amino acids are become reactive. Using this
method, you may be certain that only the next amino acid in the chain will be
linked to the anchored one.
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